最新物理进展摘要
CORTO看到第一缕光线
第一个用于寻找太阳系外行星的空间天文台CORTO昨天捕捉到了它的第一缕光线。法国空间机构CNES的工程师们发送了一条打开30厘米望远镜舱盖的指令，将它极为灵敏的CCD阵列处于发光星体的曝光下，以捕捉光线。CORTO是于三个星期前送入地球轨道的，它将在银河系的两个区域大约6万个恒星范围内寻找其它行星。
COROT sees first light (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/13
COROT, the first space observatory designed to search for planets beyond
our solar system (exoplanets), captured its "first light" yesterday.
Engineers from France's Space Agency CNES sent a command to open the
hatch protecting the 30-cm telescope, exposing its extremely sensitive
charge-coupled device (CCD) arrays to the stars. Launched into Earth
orbit about three weeks ago, the spacecraft will look for exoplanets
around 60 000 stars in two regions of our galaxy.
紧凑而灵敏的中微子探测器
一种新的p型锗辐射探测器可能将首次测量软中微子-核子散射，它利用一种始创于三十年前的原理。中微子是一种很难捉摸的粒子，因为它极少与其他物质发生相互作用，通常只能在非常巨大的探测器里才能瞥见。但美国物理学家们制成的这个探测器样机却非常小巧，小到可以用于监视非法使用反应堆，比如去除武器级放射性材料等等。
Neutrino detector is compact yet sensitive (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/14
A new p-type germanium radiation detector could be the first to measure
"soft neutrino-nucleus scattering", a mechanism that was originally
predicted 30 years ago. Neutrinos are elusive particles that rarely
interact with other matter, and are normally only glimpsed in huge
detectors. This is not so with the prototype detector made by physicists
in the US, which could be small enough to monitor for the illegitimate
use of nuclear reactors, such as the removal of weapons-grade
radioactive material (arXiv.org/physics/0701012).
直而窄的路上――分子运输机
美国物理学家们开发了一种可以沿着晶体表面运输二氧化碳分子的"分子运输机"。分子搭在一种名叫AQ(anthraquinone)的有机化合物上面，这种有机化合物能承载住分子并运送它们至10nm以外，直至按要求将分子卸载。研究者们相信，这种现象可以为显著提高表面催化剂的效率提供动力，或者还可以促进半导体器件的处理。
Molecular carrier is on the straight and narrow (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/15
A "molecular carrier" that can transport carbon dioxide molecules in
straight lines across a crystalline surface has been developed by
physicists in the US. The molecules hitch a ride with an organic
compound called anthraquinone (AQ), which grabs hold of them and carries
them over distances of about 10 nm before dropping them on request. The
researchers believe that this phenomenon could be harnessed to boost the
performance of surface catalysts or to improve the processing of
semiconductor devices (Sciencexpress 10.1126/science.1135302).
热带甲壳虫拥有最明亮的白色
隐藏在明亮的一种罕见的热带甲壳虫白色外壳后面的秘密是一种不常见的非周期结构。英国物理学们通过电子显微镜揭示出一种随机的蛋白质丝状网络使得该种甲壳虫的外壳拥有非常高的光线散射效率。这种蛋白质结构拥有比人造相同散射效率的材料薄两个量级的厚度，可以用于改进相关的产品。
Tropical beetle has the brightest whites (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/16
The secret behind the brilliant white shell of a peculiar tropical
beetle is an unusual, aperiodic structure, according to physicists from
the UK. Electron microscopy revealed that a random network of protein
filaments allows the shell to scatter light with high efficiency. The
protein structure, which is at least two orders of magnitude thinner
than manmade materials of equivalent whiteness, could be imitated in
future synthetic systems (Science 315 348).
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第一个用于寻找太阳系外行星的空间天文台CORTO昨天捕捉到了它的第一缕光线。法国空间机构CNES的工程师们发送了一条打开30厘米望远镜舱盖的指令，将它极为灵敏的CCD阵列处于发光星体的曝光下，以捕捉光线。CORTO是于三个星期前送入地球轨道的，它将在银河系的两个区域大约6万个恒星范围内寻找其它行星。
COROT sees first light (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/13
COROT, the first space observatory designed to search for planets beyond
our solar system (exoplanets), captured its "first light" yesterday.
Engineers from France's Space Agency CNES sent a command to open the
hatch protecting the 30-cm telescope, exposing its extremely sensitive
charge-coupled device (CCD) arrays to the stars. Launched into Earth
orbit about three weeks ago, the spacecraft will look for exoplanets
around 60 000 stars in two regions of our galaxy.
紧凑而灵敏的中微子探测器
一种新的p型锗辐射探测器可能将首次测量软中微子-核子散射，它利用一种始创于三十年前的原理。中微子是一种很难捉摸的粒子，因为它极少与其他物质发生相互作用，通常只能在非常巨大的探测器里才能瞥见。但美国物理学家们制成的这个探测器样机却非常小巧，小到可以用于监视非法使用反应堆，比如去除武器级放射性材料等等。
Neutrino detector is compact yet sensitive (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/14
A new p-type germanium radiation detector could be the first to measure
"soft neutrino-nucleus scattering", a mechanism that was originally
predicted 30 years ago. Neutrinos are elusive particles that rarely
interact with other matter, and are normally only glimpsed in huge
detectors. This is not so with the prototype detector made by physicists
in the US, which could be small enough to monitor for the illegitimate
use of nuclear reactors, such as the removal of weapons-grade
radioactive material (arXiv.org/physics/0701012).
直而窄的路上――分子运输机
美国物理学家们开发了一种可以沿着晶体表面运输二氧化碳分子的"分子运输机"。分子搭在一种名叫AQ(anthraquinone)的有机化合物上面，这种有机化合物能承载住分子并运送它们至10nm以外，直至按要求将分子卸载。研究者们相信，这种现象可以为显著提高表面催化剂的效率提供动力，或者还可以促进半导体器件的处理。
Molecular carrier is on the straight and narrow (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/15
A "molecular carrier" that can transport carbon dioxide molecules in
straight lines across a crystalline surface has been developed by
physicists in the US. The molecules hitch a ride with an organic
compound called anthraquinone (AQ), which grabs hold of them and carries
them over distances of about 10 nm before dropping them on request. The
researchers believe that this phenomenon could be harnessed to boost the
performance of surface catalysts or to improve the processing of
semiconductor devices (Sciencexpress 10.1126/science.1135302).
热带甲壳虫拥有最明亮的白色
隐藏在明亮的一种罕见的热带甲壳虫白色外壳后面的秘密是一种不常见的非周期结构。英国物理学们通过电子显微镜揭示出一种随机的蛋白质丝状网络使得该种甲壳虫的外壳拥有非常高的光线散射效率。这种蛋白质结构拥有比人造相同散射效率的材料薄两个量级的厚度，可以用于改进相关的产品。
Tropical beetle has the brightest whites (Jan 18)
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/11/1/16
The secret behind the brilliant white shell of a peculiar tropical
beetle is an unusual, aperiodic structure, according to physicists from
the UK. Electron microscopy revealed that a random network of protein
filaments allows the shell to scatter light with high efficiency. The
protein structure, which is at least two orders of magnitude thinner
than manmade materials of equivalent whiteness, could be imitated in
future synthetic systems (Science 315 348).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
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